FDA Sets Voluntary Lead Limits in Baby Food to Enhance Child Safety

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has introduced voluntary guidelines to limit lead content in baby food, including fruits, vegetables, yoghurt, and dry cereals. This initiative aims to reduce children’s exposure to lead, a toxic metal that can harm their nervous system and development. The FDA estimates the guidelines could cut lead levels in processed baby food by 20 to 30 per cent.

Although not legally binding, the FDA can enforce action against products exceeding the limits. The guidelines cap lead at 10 parts per billion (PPB) for fruits, vegetables, and yoghurt and 20 PPB for root vegetables and dry cereals. However, cereal-based snacks and teething biscuits, known for high lead levels, are excluded.

Consumer advocates welcomed the move but voiced concerns. As reported by a media, Thomas Galligan of the Center for Science in the Public Interest called it a “positive step” but criticised delays and omissions. Brian Ronholm of Consumer Reports deemed the standards “almost meaningless,” as they prioritise industry feasibility over health protection.

The guidelines follow a lead contamination crisis between October 2023 and April 2024, where over 560 children fell ill after consuming apple-cinnamon puree containing 2,000 times the FDA’s lead limit.

Lead, which enters food through pollution and natural sources, has no safe level for children, according to the CDC. Experts argue stricter measures are necessary, especially to address other metals like cadmium.

While the FDA’s move is a significant step, consumer organisations emphasise the need for comprehensive action to ensure baby food safety.