India on Alert Amidst HMPV Outbreak: Key Preventative Measures Advised

The recent outbreak of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) in China has sparked concern globally, including in India. As of January 6, seven cases have been reported across the country, with two each in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, one in Gujarat, and two more cases recently detected in Maharashtra.

In response, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) issued an advisory to dispel myths and prevent panic. The Ministry clarified that HMPV is not a new virus and is already in global circulation, including within India. According to data from the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP), there has been no unusual surge in Influenza-Like Illness (ILI) or Severe Acute Respiratory Illness (SARI) cases in the country.

Symptoms and Transmission

“HMPV symptoms closely resemble those of other respiratory infections, including cold, cough, fever, runny nose, difficulty breathing, and sore throat. Vulnerable groups, including children under five, individuals over 65 years of age, and those who are immunocompromised, are particularly at risk,” said Dr Sanjith Saseedharan, Director-Critical Care, S. L. Raheja Hospital - A Fortis Associate.  

“The virus primarily spreads via respiratory droplets, close personal contact, and contaminated surfaces,” Dr Saseedharan added.  

Preventative Measures

According to Dr Farah Ingale, Director-Internal Medicine, Fortis Hiranandani Hospital Vashi, the MoHFW and state health departments have issued guidelines to help the public protect themselves. Key measures include:

• Wearing a mask in public spaces
• Avoiding public spaces if symptomatic
• Covering the mouth and nose while coughing or sneezing
• Limiting contact with sick individuals
• Avoiding the reuse of linen, tissues, or handkerchiefs
• Washing hands frequently with soap and water

Monitoring and Global Updates

The Union Health Ministry is closely monitoring the situation through various surveillance channels. The ICMR will continue to track HMPV trends throughout the year. The World Health Organization (WHO) is actively providing updates on the outbreak in China to guide global measures.

By staying informed and adhering to recommended precautions, the public can play a vital role in preventing the spread of HMPV and protecting vulnerable populations.