In the past decade, the field of diagnostics has experienced a remarkable transformation driven by technological innovation aimed at enhancing efficiency, patient care, and access to scientific solutions. According to a report by TechSci Research, the Indian diagnostic market is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of over 11.55 per cent through 2029. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted this potential, as chatbots and virtual consultations rapidly emerged to provide critical healthcare access to a broader population. Additionally, high-performance computing technologies accelerated research, enabling the development of diagnostic kits and vaccines for a previously unknown virus in record time.
This merger of Information Technology (IT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly impacted diagnostics. It has not only improved laboratory workflows and reduced patient anxiety by streamlining sample tracking and results delivery but also empowered patients through smart reports and facilitated informed decision-making about their next steps.
AI-Powered Imaging for Cancer Diagnosis
AI-powered imaging stands out as one of the most significant advancements. AI in medical imaging provides tools like heat maps, significantly enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of pathologists. An onco-pathologist can now grade and measure tumours through AI. This enables expeditious prioritisation of critical instances and improves overall quality via an "AI review”. By reducing inter-pathologist variation seen in manual reporting by over 80 per cent, AI ensures more consistent diagnoses and improved patient outcomes.
Genomics: Personalised Medicine
The study of the human genome, or genomics, is transforming customised healthcare. Scientists can forecast a person's vulnerability to chronic diseases, how they will respond to treatments, and even create individualised diet and exercise plans by examining their genetic makeup. Genomic testing, for instance, can identify those who are very susceptible to coronary artery disease, allowing for early intervention and preventative measures. Furthermore, genomic testing can forecast an individual's response to a given therapy, minimising adverse drug responses, and improving treatment outcomes. Particularly for complex conditions like cancer, this information enables physicians to create individualized treatment programs, foresee possible medication interactions, and customise preventive treatments. This change from a general strategy to a more focused one has the potential to save millions of lives and greatly enhance patient outcomes.
The genomics industry in India is growing quickly due to rising disposable income, increased awareness, and advancements in technology. A report by Mordor Intelligence projects that between 2021 and 2029, the Indian genomics market will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of more than 15.89 per cent. This growth is fuelled by the increasing adoption of personalised medicine and the growing demand for genetic testing services.
Challenges and Opportunities
However, the path forward is not without its challenges. The diagnostic landscape faces issues with fragmentation. While top diagnostic chains and hospitals follow stringent accreditation norms, smaller players often operate with less robust quality control measures. This inconsistency, while posing a threat to overall quality, also offers an opportunity for improvement. Middleware platforms, designed to automate workflows and minimise human error, offer a compelling solution. These platforms can streamline operations, reduce costs, and ensure consistent quality across diagnostic providers.
The Future of Diagnostics
The future of diagnostics lies in embracing technological advancements. Investing in cutting-edge tools like AI and genomics, coupled with robust regulatory frameworks to ensure quality standards are met, will be instrumental in achieving sustainable, high-quality patient care. By empowering patients with accessible information and fostering a culture of innovation in diagnostics, healthcare providers can build a more resilient and efficient healthcare ecosystem for generations to come.
The author is Head of Scientific Affairs, at Metropolis Healthcare Limited.
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